By Stephanie Brown, Assistant Archivist, Zach Jones, Archivist, and Alyssa Peterson, UAS Intern.
Title: Tlingit Elders Oral History & Clan Migrations Recordings Collection, 2005-2009
ID: MC/019
Primary Creator: Sealaska Heritage Institute
Extent: 5.0 Boxes
Date Acquired: 10/20/2010
Subjects: Tlingit Indians--History., Tlingit language.
This five-box collection contains recordings, transcriptions/translations of recordings, and research files generated by the Sealaska Heritage Institute’s (SHI) between 2005 and 2008 through its efforts to document the history of Tlingit clan migrations, activities funded in part by Sealaska Heritage Institute and National Park Service Historic Preservation Program grants.
The interviews for this grant were primarily conducted by Clarence Jackson Sr. in the Tlingit language on a variety of topics, including the preparation of traditional foods, traditional culture, regalia, meaning of clan and personal Tlingit names, but an emphasis was on the history of clans and clan migrations. Transcriptions, with an English translation, were created for some of these recordings. This content of this collection is rich on Tlingit culture, history, and language. The bulk of these recordings are in the Tlingit language, though the transcribed recordings also contain English language translations.
Box 1 in this collection contains the recordings of these interviews. Multiple copies exist of each recording on CD and DVD (for audio and audiovisual content), which have been listed in an item-by-item inventory. Box 2 in the collection contains transcriptions translations for interviews with some of the individuals interviewed for this project. Boxes 3-5 contain binders with working files on specific clans for their migratory history. Some transcriptions are available in these binders.
The Sealaska Heritage Institute (SHI) is a regional Native non-profit organization founded for the Tlingit, Haida and Tsimshian people of Southeast Alaska. SHI was established in 1981 by Sealaska Corp., a for-profit company formed under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA). SHI, formerly Sealaska Heritage Foundation, administers Sealaska Corp.'s cultural and educational programs.
SHI was conceived by Clan Leaders, Traditional Scholars and Elders at the first Sealaska Elders Conference in 1980. During that meeting, the Elders likened Native culture to a blanket. The late George Davis (Kichnáalx—Lk’aanaaw) of Angoon, spoke these memorable words: “We don’t want what you did here to only echo in the air, how our grandfathers used to do things… Yes. You have unwrapped it for us. That is why we will open again this container of wisdom left in our care.” These wise traditional leaders told the new leaders that their hands were growing weary of holding onto the metaphorical blanket, this "container of wisdom." They said they were transferring this responsibility to the Corporation. In response to this directive, Sealaska Corporation created its non-profit arm, Sealaska Heritage Institute, to administer cultural and educational programs for the Tlingit, Haida and Tsimshian.
During its first decade of operation, under the leadership of David Katzeek, SHI began to administer its Scholarship Program from funds set aside by Sealaska Corporation for this purpose. The second major focus at that time was the documentation of oral traditions, a project led by Tlingit scholar Dr. Nora Marks Dauenhauer and her husband, Dr. Richard Dauenhauer. Over nearly a 20-year period, these efforts led to several major publications by the Institute of the Dauenhauer’s work, including: “Because We Cherish You…” Sealaska Elders Speak to the Future, in 1981; Haa Shuká, Our Ancestors, Volume I of our Tlingit Oral Narratives (1987); Haa Tuwunáagu Yís: for Healing our Spirit. Vol. 2, Tlingit Oral Narratives. (1990); the Third Edition of Beginning Tlingit in 1991; Haa Kusteeyí, Our Culture: Tlingit Life Stories (1994); and Aan Aduspelled X’úx’, Tlingit Spelling Book in 1999. A number of these publications were co-published by the Institute and University of Washington Press. During this period, the Institute also created Naa Kahídi Theater, which won national acclaim for its dramatic presentation of Native legends.
One year after SHI was founded the Institute sponsored the first United Tlingit, Haida, and Tsimshian Traditional Celebration, held in Juneau. Celebration '82 was so popular that our Board of Trustees decided the festival should become a biennial event. New dance groups began to form in response to Celebration, and every other year, the festival grew. Today, nearly every community in Southeast as well as Anchorage, the Seattle area, Hawaii and Canada, are represented by roughly two-thousand dancers in nearly fifty dance groups. During Celebration, workshops on various aspects of traditional culture and history also occur. Because SHI is the only major region-wide organization dedicated to cultural preservation, its Board of Trustees has mandated that Celebration be dedicated solely to honoring our traditional culture.
More recently, while continuing to honor the Institute's mission statement, “To perpetuate the Tlingit, Haida, and Tsimshian cultures,” the Trustees in 1997 adopted language restoration as the foremost priority of the Institute. Few funds were available initially for this objective, but the Institute launched an aggressive fund-raising campaign, and today, SHI sponsors and supports numerous language and culture programs across Southeast Alaska. The Institute also sponsors archival projects, historical research, and new publications. Since SHI’s founding, it has had four presidents; David Katzeek (1980-1991), Dennis Demmert (1992-1996), Ted Wright (1996-1998), and Rosita Worl (1998-present).
Repository: Sealaska Heritage Institute Archives
Use Restrictions: Intellectual Properties Note: Since SHI adheres to the Protocols for Native American Archival Materials, and since we desire to honor Tlingit, Haida, and Tsimshian traditional cultural belief that clans retain the intellectual property rights to clan stories or songs, patrons who use or study clan songs or stories are asked to credit clan ownership to stories and songs.
Acquisition Source: Sealaska Heritage Institute, Media & Publications Department
Acquisition Method: The recordings in this collection were transferred to SHI archives by SHI Media & Publications Director Kathy Dye on October 20, 2010.
